Safety data sheet for Propane
CAS 74-98-6
This is the free preview of a draft SDS for Propane — Sections 1, 2 and 9, generated from the sources named below. The full 16-section draft, with your own company in Section 1, is $5 per document.
Typically documented by: Camping fuel, torches, aerosol propellant.
Draft safety data sheet — preview
Sections 1, 2, 9 of 16
- CAS number
- 74-98-6
- Molecular formula
- C3H8
- Molecular weight
- 44.10 g/mol
- Signal word
- Danger
Hazard classification
- GHS02 — Flammable
- GHS04 — Gas under pressure
- H220: Extremely flammable gas.
- H280: Contains gas under pressure; may explode if heated.
Section 1 — Identification
1.1 Product identifier
Product identifier: Propane
Chemical name (IUPAC): propane
CAS number: 74-98-6
PubChem CID reference: 6334
Synonyms: PROPANE; n-Propane; Dimethylmethane; Propyl hydride; Propyldihydride; Purifrigor p 3.5; HC 290; R 290; INS NO.944; E944
Section 2 — Hazards Identification
2.1 Classification of the substance or mixture
Classification basis: OSHA 29 CFR 1910.1200 Appendix A, aligned to the GHS Rev. 7 hazard classes this sheet resolves: Flam. Gas 1A, Press. Gas.
Classification: Flammable Gas, Category 1A (Flam. Gas 1A) [H220]
Classification: Gas Under Pressure (Press. Gas) [H280]
2.2 Label elements
Signal word: Danger
GHS pictograms: GHS02 (Flammable), GHS04 (Compressed Gas)
Hazard statement: H220: Extremely flammable gas.
Hazard statement: H280: Contains gas under pressure; may explode if heated.
Precautionary statement: P210: Keep away from heat, hot surfaces, sparks, open flames and other ignition sources. No smoking.
Precautionary statement: P377: Leaking gas fire: Do not extinguish, unless leak can be stopped safely.
Precautionary statement: P381: In case of leakage, eliminate all ignition sources.
Precautionary statement: P410+P403: Protect from sunlight. Store in a well-ventilated place.
Section 9 — Physical and Chemical Properties
9.1 Information on basic physical and chemical properties
Physical form: Gas
Appearance: Gas
Odor: Faint, sweet
Boiling point: -42.1°C
Melting point: -187.7°C
Flash point: -104°C
Density: 1.55 kg/m³ at STP
Vapor pressure: 8.4 atm at 20°C
Water solubility: Solubility in water, g/100ml at 20 °C: 0.007
Log Pow (log Kow): 2.36
Vapor density: 1.5 (air = 1)
Lower explosive limit: 2.1%
Upper explosive limit: 9.5%
Auto-ignition temperature: 450°C (842°F)
Viscosity: 8.3 uPa.s at 300K; 10.9 uPa.s at 400K; 13.4 uPa.s at 500K; 15.8 uPa.s at 600K
pH: Not available
Occupational exposure limits for Propane
The airborne limits on public record in the United States. These are transcribed from the tables named in each row, not derived. The full draft puts them in Section 8 with the control and PPE guidance.
OSHA PEL — TWA (8 h)
1000 ppm (1800 mg/m³)
OSHA Annotated PEL Table Z-1
NIOSH REL — TWA (up to 10 h)
1000 ppm (1800 mg/m³)
OSHA Annotated PEL Table Z-1 (NIOSH REL column)
Where each value came from
- Boiling point — Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
- O'Neil, M.J. (ed.). The Merck Index - An Encyclopedia of Chemicals, Drugs, and Biologicals. 13th Edition, Whitehouse Station, NJ: Merck and Co., Inc., 2001, p. 1397
- View the record
- Melting point — Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
- Same reference as boiling point above.
- View the record
- Density — The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
- View the record
- Log Pow (log Kow) — Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
- Hansch, C., Leo, A., D. Hoekman. Exploring QSAR - Hydrophobic, Electronic, and Steric Constants. Washington, DC: American Chemical Society., 1995, p. 6
- View the record
- Lower explosive limit — Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
- Arena, J.M. and Drew, R.H. (eds.) Poisoning-Toxicology, Symptoms, Treatments. 5th ed. Springfield, IL: Charles C. Thomas Publisher, 1986, p. 832
- View the record
- Auto-ignition temperature — Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
- Fire Protection Guide to Hazardous Materials. 13 ed. Quincy, MA: National Fire Protection Association, 2002, p. 325-100
- View the record
- Viscosity — Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
- Lide, D.R. CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics 86th Edition 2005-2006. CRC Press, Taylor & Francis, Boca Raton, FL 2005, p. 6-174
- View the record
A value with no row here was assembled from more than one record, so no single record is credited for it. The draft you buy carries this table as an appendix covering all 16 sections.
Sources
- ECHA C&L Inventory — harmonised CLP entry
- Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
- OSHA Annotated PEL Table Z-1
- OSHA Annotated PEL Table Z-1 (NIOSH REL column)
- PubChem — GHS classification
- PubChem — compound record
- PubChem — names and identifiers
- PubChem — regulatory information
- PubChem — toxicity data
- PubChem — transport information
- The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
Sections 1.3 and 1.4 are withheld here because the supplier and emergency contact blocks carry your own company details in the draft you buy. Every draft needs review by a competent person before it is issued.
Measured values for Propane, and where each one comes from
30 measured values for 13 properties, read from 4 public databases. On 3 properties the records differ. Each reading is shown with its own record. Follow any record to read the value at its source.
Boiling point
4 records agree
Used with vapour pressure to judge how readily the substance reaches the air you breathe.
- -42.1 °C at 1 atm
- Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
- -44 °F
- NIOSH Pocket Guide
- -42.1 °C @760 [mm Hg]
- PAC Chemical Database, U.S. Department of Energy
Melting point
4 records agree
Fixes the physical state at handling temperature, which the label and the transport class depend on.
- -306 °F
- NIOSH Pocket Guide
Flash point
2 records agree
The lowest temperature at which the liquid gives off enough vapour to ignite. It decides the GHS flammable liquid category.
- -156 °F (Closed cup)
- Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
Auto-ignition temperature
1 record
The temperature at which the substance ignites with no spark or flame. It sets safe surface and process temperatures.
- 842 °F (450 °C)
- Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
Explosive limits
1 record
The vapour concentration range in air that will burn. Below the lower limit and above the upper limit it will not.
- LOWER: 2.37, UPPER 9.5% BY VOLUME IN AIR
- Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
Vapour pressure
5 records differ
The higher it is, the faster the substance evaporates into the workplace air at room temperature.
- VP: 1 Pa at -156.9 °C; 10 Pa at -145.6 °C; 100 Pa at -130.9 °C; 1kPa at -111.4 °C; 10kPa at -83.8 °C; 100 kPa at -42.3 °C
- Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
- 7150 mm Hg at 25 °C
- Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
- (70 °F): 8.4 atm
- NIOSH Pocket Guide
- 8.4 atm at 70 °F
- OSHA Occupational Chemical Database
- 750 [mm Hg] @-42.3 °C
- PAC Chemical Database, U.S. Department of Energy
Vapour density
2 records differ
Above 1 the vapour sinks and collects in pits, sumps and low enclosed spaces.
- 1.56 at 0 °C (Air= 1)
- Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
Density
4 records differ
Needed to convert between mass and volume on the label, in transport papers and in a spill estimate.
- 0.493 at 25 °C
- Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
- 1.55(relative gas density)
- NIOSH Pocket Guide
- 0.59 at -58 °F
- OSHA Occupational Chemical Database
- 0.493 @25 °C
- PAC Chemical Database, U.S. Department of Energy
Solubility
3 records, each a different case
Determines spill behaviour, the right extinguishing media and the correct first-aid rinse.
- Slightly soluble in acetone; soluble in ethanol; very soluble in ethyl ether, benzene, chloroform
- Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
- In water, 62.4 ppm at 25 °C
- Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
- 0.01%
- NIOSH Pocket Guide
Partition coefficient (log Kow)
1 record
Indicates whether the substance accumulates in fat or in water, which drives the environmental sections.
- log Kow = 2.36
- Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
Viscosity
1 record
Governs how far a spill spreads and how fast it soaks into a surface or a sorbent.
- 8.3 uPa.s at 300K; 10.9 uPa.s at 400K; 13.4 uPa.s at 500K; 15.8 uPa.s at 600K
- Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
Odour
1 record
Odour is a warning property only. Many substances are hazardous well below the concentration you can smell.
- Odorless [Note: A foul smelling odorant is often added when used for fuel purposes]
- Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
Decomposition temperature
1 record
The temperature at which the substance breaks down, often into products more hazardous than itself.
- At 650 °C decomposes to ethylene and ethane
- Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
These are the public records read for Propane, published here unchanged. Where two records disagree, the draft you buy states the value and names the record behind it, so a reviewer can see what was chosen. Every draft needs review by a competent person before it is issued.
Get the full draft SDS for Propane
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