Safety data sheet for Hydrochloric acid
CAS 7647-01-0
This is the free preview of a draft SDS for Hydrochloric acid — Sections 1, 2 and 9, generated from the sources named below. The full 16-section draft, with your own company in Section 1, is $5 per document.
Typically documented by: Descaling, pool and industrial pH control.
Draft safety data sheet — preview
Sections 1, 2, 9 of 16
- CAS number
- 7647-01-0
- Molecular formula
- HCl
- Molecular weight
- 36.46 g/mol
- Signal word
- Danger
Hazard classification
- GHS05 — Corrosive
- GHS06 — Acute toxicity
- GHS07 — Health hazard — irritant
- H290: May be corrosive to metals.
- H331: Toxic if inhaled.
- H314: Causes severe skin burns and eye damage.
- H335: May cause respiratory irritation.
Section 1 — Identification
1.1 Product identifier
Product identifier: Hydrochloric Acid
Chemical name (IUPAC): chlorane
CAS number: 7647-01-0
EC number: 231-595-7
REACH registration number: Not required for substances manufactured/imported <1 tonne/year; otherwise confirm the active registrant number before external issue.
IUPAC name: chlorane
PubChem CID reference: 313
Synonyms: hydrochloric acid; hydrogen chloride; Muriatic acid; chlorane; Chlorohydric acid; Anhydrous hydrochloric acid; Acide chlorhydrique; Chlorwasserstoff; Muriaticum acidum; Chloorwaterstof
Section 2 — Hazards Identification
2.1 Classification of the substance or mixture
Classification according to harmonized EU CLP data: Acute Tox. 3 (Inhalation); Skin Corr. 1B; Eye Dam. 1; STOT SE 3.
2.2 Label elements
Signal word: Danger
GHS pictograms: GHS05 (Corrosion), GHS06 (Toxic), GHS07 (Exclamation)
Hazard statement: H290: May be corrosive to metals.
Hazard statement: H331: Toxic if inhaled.
Hazard statement: H314: Causes severe skin burns and eye damage.
Hazard statement: H335: May cause respiratory irritation.
Precautionary statement: P234: Keep only in original packaging.
Precautionary statement: P390: Absorb spillage to prevent material damage.
Precautionary statement: P260: Do not breathe dust/fume/gas/mist/vapors/spray.
Precautionary statement: P280: Wear protective gloves, protective clothing, eye protection, face protection, and hearing protection.
Precautionary statement: P264: Wash hands thoroughly after handling.
Precautionary statement: P303+P361+P353: IF ON SKIN (or hair): Take off immediately all contaminated clothing. Rinse skin with water or shower.
Precautionary statement: P305+P351+P338: IF IN EYES: Rinse cautiously with water for several minutes. Remove contact lenses if present and easy to do - continue rinsing.
Precautionary statement: P301+P330+P331: IF SWALLOWED: Rinse mouth. Do NOT induce vomiting.
Section 9 — Physical and Chemical Properties
9.1 Information on basic physical and chemical properties
Physical form: Liquid
Appearance: Colorless gas
Odor: Pungent, irritating odor
Melting point: -114.2°C (-174°F)
Density: 1.49 @25 °C
Vapor pressure: 43266 hPa at 21.1°C
Water solubility: Solubility in water, 82.3 g/100 g water at 0 °C; 67.3 g/100 g water at 30 °C; 63.3 g/100 g water at 40 °C; 59.6 g/100 g water at 50 °C; 56.1 g/100 g water at 60 °C
Log Pow (log Kow): 0.25
Vapor density: 1.27 (air = 1)
Viscosity: 0.41 cP
Not found in the public records searched: flash point, lower explosive limit, upper explosive limit, auto-ignition temperature and pH. Enter these from your supplier's safety data sheet or your own test report before the draft is issued.
Occupational exposure limits for Hydrochloric acid
The airborne limits on public record in the United States. These are transcribed from the tables named in each row, not derived. The full draft puts them in Section 8 with the control and PPE guidance.
A ceiling limit must not be exceeded at any moment. It is not an average, so a short excursion above it is not offset by a lower reading later in the shift.
OSHA PEL — Ceiling
5 ppm (7 mg/m³)
OSHA Annotated PEL Table Z-1
NIOSH REL — Ceiling
5 ppm (7 mg/m³)
NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards
Where each value came from
- Odor — Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
- NIOSH. NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards. Department of Health & Human Services, Centers for Disease Control & Prevention. National Institute for Occupational Safety & Health. DHHS (NIOSH) Publication No. 2010-168 (2010). Available from: https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/npg
- View the record
- Melting point — Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
- O'Neil, M.J. (ed.). The Merck Index - An Encyclopedia of Chemicals, Drugs, and Biologicals. Cambridge, UK: Royal Society of Chemistry, 2013, p. 888
- View the record
- Density — PAC Chemical Database, U.S. Department of Energy
- View the record
- Water solubility — Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
- Same reference as melting point above.
- View the record
- Viscosity — Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
- Hisham MW, Bommaraju TV; Hydrogen Chloride. Kirk-Othmer Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology. (1999-2015). New York, NY: John Wiley & Sons. Online Posting Date: 28 Apr 2014
- View the record
A value with no row here was assembled from more than one record, so no single record is credited for it. The draft you buy carries this table as an appendix covering all 16 sections.
Sources
- ECHA C&L Inventory — harmonised CLP entry
- Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
- NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards
- OSHA Annotated PEL Table Z-1
- PAC Chemical Database, U.S. Department of Energy
- PubChem — GHS classification
- PubChem — compound record
- PubChem — names and identifiers
- PubChem — regulatory information
- PubChem — toxicity data
- PubChem — transport information
Sections 1.3 and 1.4 are withheld here because the supplier and emergency contact blocks carry your own company details in the draft you buy. Every draft needs review by a competent person before it is issued.
Measured values for Hydrochloric acid, and where each one comes from
21 measured values for 8 properties, read from 4 public databases. On 3 properties the records differ. Each reading is shown with its own record. Follow any record to read the value at its source.
Boiling point
4 records agree
Used with vapour pressure to judge how readily the substance reaches the air you breathe.
- -85.05 °C at 760 mm Hg
- Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
- -121 °F
- NIOSH Pocket Guide
- -85 °C @760 [mm Hg]
- PAC Chemical Database, U.S. Department of Energy
Melting point
4 records agree
Fixes the physical state at handling temperature, which the label and the transport class depend on.
- -114.22 °C
- Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
- -174 °F
- NIOSH Pocket Guide
Vapour pressure
4 records differ
The higher it is, the faster the substance evaporates into the workplace air at room temperature.
- 35,424 mm Hg at 25 °C
- Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
- 40.5 atm
- NIOSH Pocket Guide
- 750 [mm Hg] @-85.2 °C
- PAC Chemical Database, U.S. Department of Energy
Vapour density
2 records differ
Above 1 the vapour sinks and collects in pits, sumps and low enclosed spaces.
- 1.268 (Air = 1.000)
- Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
Density
4 records differ
Needed to convert between mass and volume on the label, in transport papers and in a spill estimate.
- Chemical/Physical Properties for Hydrogen chloride.[Table#1587]
- Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
- 1.27(relative gas density)
- NIOSH Pocket Guide
Solubility
1 record
Determines spill behaviour, the right extinguishing media and the correct first-aid rinse.
- (86 °F): 67%
- NIOSH Pocket Guide
Viscosity
1 record
Governs how far a spill spreads and how fast it soaks into a surface or a sorbent.
- 0.405 cP (liquid at 118.16 K); 0.0131 cP (vapor at 273.06 K); 0.0253 cP (vapor at 523.2 K)
- Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
Odour
1 record
Odour is a warning property only. Many substances are hazardous well below the concentration you can smell.
- Pungent, irritating odor
- Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
These are the public records read for Hydrochloric acid, published here unchanged. Where two records disagree, the draft you buy states the value and names the record behind it, so a reviewer can see what was chosen. Every draft needs review by a competent person before it is issued.
Get the full draft SDS for Hydrochloric acid
The draft covers all 16 sections under OSHA 29 CFR 1910.1200 and GHS Rev. 7, or the CLP EC 1272/2008 layout for the EU. Each draft arrives as an editable .docx and a PDF with an appendix naming the source of each value, in about 60 seconds. $5 per document, no account.